Shingle and shingle construction



Marsh 9,1926, 1,575,974 G. E. CONWAY SHINGLE AND SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION Filed April 28, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR March 9 1926.

G. E. CONWAY SHINGLE AND SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed April 28, 1924 3 Patented Mar. 9, 1926.

PATEKNT OFFICE.

' GEORGE E. CONWAY, OF TENAILY, NEW JERSEY.

SHINGLE AND SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION.

Application med April 28,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that'I, GEORGE E. CONWAY,

\ a citizen of the-United States, residing at Tenafly, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and use-* V,

, ful Improvement in Shingles and Shingle Construction, of which the followingis a specification.

roofs may be constructed therewith.

This invention relates to shingles and to shingle construction. A l v I One object of the invention is the provision of a novel. form of shingle whereby more weathepproof and durable outer walls and Another object of the invention is the provision of a form of shingle which may be madeequally well of Various materials, as of stiff or flexible compositions, such as asbestos or wood-fibre combined with pitch, tar, rubber compounds or the like; of metal, as copper, sheet iron, zinc, etc.; or of tile. A constructional feature in the shape of the shingle permits the surfaces formed thereof to have an appearance of heaviness and substantiality, so much desired for decorative value.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a shingle which may be applied tof'new construction or may be applied over old or worn out shingled surfacesin a substantial, attractive and useful manner, without requiring the removal of the old shingles. j

Another object of the invention is the rovision of a shingle which is simple in orm, easy to apply in a construction and cheap to manufacture and that, if made of flexible sheet material, may be shaped in field at time of,application. Other objects and advantages will in part betobvious and inpart hereinafter pointed ou The invention accordingly consists in the feature oficonstruction, combination of elements and arrangement of parts whichwill be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described and of which the scope of application will be indicated in the following claims. V j

In the accompanying drawings some of the various possible embodimentof the invention are shown.

Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are pers'pective views of shingles formed of sheet metal, tile and com- ;1924. serial-no. masaa.

position, respectively, embodying the inven- 65 tion. Fig. 4: is a perspective view of. an anchoring lath used in one form of construction, over a'shingled roof. Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 are perspective views of anchoring shingles, 5 being'that of an ordinary roofing'shingle and Figs. 6, 7 and 8 being those of special types of shingles.

, Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic perspectiveview of shingle construction, adapted for new construction work, using either composition or metallic shingles like those shown in Figs.

' 1 and 3'and the anchoring shingle shown in Fig. 5. r

Fig. 1.0 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a shingle-construction, adapted for 1 new-construction work, using the shingles of the type shown in Fig. 2- and the anchoring shingle, .which may be made of tile, metal or stiff composition, shown in Fig. 7.

. Fig. 11 is similar to that shown in Fig. 10 except that shingles used are made of a hard composition or sheet metal, like those shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and the anchoring shingles are made of sheet metal, like one shown in Fig; 8. 5

Figs. 12, 13 and 14 aredia matic perspective views of the novel s 'ngle, applied to surfaces already covered, and illustrate. the application of the invention in forms especially adapted to cover old or worn out shingled surfaces.

Referring to the drawing, A,' B, and G denote metallic, tile and compositionforms of p the improved outer shingle respectively, eachformed of a single continuous piece of material havinga body or middle section 10, a lower hooked or turned in flange portion 11 and a ledge or shouldered'upper portion 12 k 4 I Shingle A may be formed of any suitable sheet metal, as copper, iron, etc., or flexible composition. The lower portion llbeingbent into shape and the upper portion 12.

folded over toform the ledge as plainly shown in Fig. 1. .7

Shingle B may be formed of the usual roofing tile or of cementitious material and have spaced holes 13 molded therein in, the upper portion as shown in" Fig. 2. p

Shingle C, shown in Fi 3, may be" formed of stiff or flexible composition of asbestos or. wood-fibre combined with tar,

pitch, rubber or the like.

shingle B with or without holes 13, depending on nature of the composition.

E, F, G, and H are various forms of anchoring, inner or under shingles; Ebeing of projecting Beyond the upper the ordinary, wedge-shape roofing type and preferably made of wood or hard composition. F being a flat piece of material of uniform thickness and made of wood, metal, hard composition or tile, if made oftile or metal,-it may'have spaced'holes (not shown) formed therein to correspond to the fastened points as will hereinafter appear. G being shingle, 'guttershaped, with upturned tapered side edges 14 and made of tile or hard composition, if made of tile may have the holes 15 formed therein as shown in Fig. 7. 1:1 is a shape similar to G, with upturned edges 14, and is made preferably of sheet metal. 7

D is an anchoring lath, formed of'a strip of material of rectangular cross section and preferably made of wood or hard composition. a

Referring to Fig. 9, the shingles may be mounted in a horizontal row, in connection with a roof or other structure by engaging the lower or hooked ends thereof to a first row of anchoring shingles E and thereabove a horizontal row of anchoring under shingles E are secured to supporting member 16, by nails 17, with the butts thereof portions 12 of the outer shingles. The amount of overhanging of the butt ends of shingles E being substantially equivalent to. the interior depth of the turned under orhooked portion 11, and the vertical adjoining seams of .shingles E are staggered with respect to the corresponding seams of the outer shingles as shown in Fig. 9. A second horizontal, row of outer shingles are then fastened in place by hooking the lower portion 11 of the outer shingles over the projecting butts of the shingles E. The last row of outer shingles, are spaced with respect to the lower short distance on each side row so that the vertical seams of each is substantially in alignment with the vertical center line of body portion 10 of the outer shingles. This process is repeated until the entire structure is covered. Although shingle E is shown in the drawing about as wide as the outer shingle it may, in actuality, be considerably narrower and extend only a of the vertical seams of outer shingles. Fig. '9 clearly shows the improved weather proof construction in which the under shingle firmly holds in place the lower edge of the outer shingle and prevents any seepage at the adjacent seams by acting as draining means. The

'G may be of tile,

construction and shape, ance of heaviness and substantiality so much desired for decorative value. Referring to Fig. 10, the outer shin 1e B and the anchoring inner shingles are Y mounted in the same way as described above 1n connection with Fig. 9. Here the nner,

shingles G is gutter-shaped and the upturned edges 14 of each are spaced with respect to vertical seam between outer shingles as shown in Fig. 10. Since shingles B are of tile or cementitious material, spaced holes 13 are provided for fastening said shingles in place, as is well understood. Inner shingle wood or hard compositions. The construction shown in Fig. 11 is similar to that shown in Fig\' 10 except the outer shingle may be either of hard composition or sheet metal and the inner shingle of form H, preferably of sheet metal.

V The construction shown in Figs. 12, 13 and 14 may be used on new work but is particularly adapted for surfaces already shingled. In Fig. 12 K, K, K, denote a shingled surface. The lower horizontal row of improved outer shingles are placed first as shown, then the lower anchor lath D is fashorizontal row of outer shingles is hooked to the said projecting edge. a The construction may be completed by repeating the process explained aboye.

Fig. 14 shows amodifiedform; of constrfictionnsing an inner anchoring shingle of uniform thicknem. From the above description of the other figures and an inspection of Fig. 14 thisconstruction can be clearly understood without furtherbomment.

It. will thus be seen that there is pro vided a shingle and shingle construction in which theseveral objects of this invention are achieved and which meet the condition of practical use to give unusual satisfaction.

As many .other possible embodiments might ber'nade to the above invention and as various changes might be made in the embodiment above set'forth, it is to be understood that all matters herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. 1

lower edge of the outer shingle, due to its gives the appear- 'tened so that it extends over the upper ends said edge projects as shown and the second m Having thus described my invention I claim as new anddesire to secure byLetters Patent:

1. A shingle comprising a middle body ing row of outer shingles, and fastening means passing through the overlaid portions of said anchoring shingles adapted to secure same to the supporting structure, said'hook portion, a hook portion at one end thereof portions engagingwit-h the projecting ends surface; u

2. A shingle having a middle section and tion witlr two 0 its opposite end portions adapted 'to engage anchoring means on the of the anchoring shingles in an adjacent sur ace to be covered and a shouldered pore row.

tion of substantial thickness for spacing and 7 In a shingle construction, the combinasupporting other anchoring means on said tion of a plurality of outer shingles laid in a row, each shin 'le having a flat body portwo portions at the opposite ends thereof folded back on themselves on opposite sides folded back on themselves to provide a hook of the shingle to provide a hook on one end at one end adapted to engage anchoring and a double thickness of material at thei 5 means on the surface to be covered and a otherend portion, a plurality of inner shincompletely closed seam of substantial 'thickgles laid in arow adapted to have their ness at other end for'spacing and supporting ends positioned overhanging the ledges of other overlying anchoring means on said adjoining row of outer shingles, and fastensurface.

3. A shingle of the class described, having tions of said inner shingles adapted to se one edge thereof provided with a hooked cure same to the supportingstructure, said ing means passing through the overlaid porflange portion inwardly extending upon one hook portions interlocking with the over-- side face of said shingle adapted to engage hanging ends of the inner shingles to anchor an anchoring means on the surface to be' the outer shingles in an adjacent row,

5 covered and a ledge of substantial thickness 8. In a'shingle construction, the combinaprovided along the opposite edge upstandtion of a plurality of shingles laidrin overing from the opposite side face of said shinlapped rows, each row comprising a plugle, said ledge forming an abutment for the rality of shingles, each shingle having a end of the flange portion of an overlapping hooked portion at one end and an upstandshingle and a support for another surface ing shouldered portion at the other, and an 1 chorin g means anchoring means in a shingle construction. choring means on a surface to be covered 4. In a shingle construction, the combinadisposed between the rows of shingles for u tion of. a plurality of shingles laid in a row; n c i g With Said hook portions, having :each shingle having a hooked portion at one a plain surface'substaiitially at right angles end and an upstanding shouldered portion to the mid-portionof the sh1ngle,sa1d shoulat the other and anchoring means on a surdered portions serving as abutment for ends face to be covered for interlocking with the of the hook portions on the overlapp ng said hooked portions, the said shouldered shingles and as a support for the anchoring portions having a plain surface substantially means. i I at right angles to the mid-portion of the 9. In a shingle construction, the-combinashingle and adapted to serve as an abutment tion of a plurality of shingles la1d in overfor the, edge of the hook portions of overlapped rows, each row comprising a plu lappingshingles and to support said anrality of-shingles, each shingle having a flat body portion with two of its opposite end 5. In a shingle construction, the combinaportions folded back on themselves on the tion of a plurality of shingles laid in a row, opposite sides of the shingle to provide af' each shingle having a flat ody portion with hook on one end and a double thickness of twoof its opposite end portions folded" back material at the other end' portion, and am on themselves on opposite sidesof the shinchoring means securedto a surface to be gle to provide a hook on' one end and a covered and extending between the rows of double thickness of material at the other end shingles for engaging wlth the sa1d hook portion, and anchoring means secured to a portions, said double thickness of material surface to be covered for engagin with said forming an upstanding ledge abutment for- 5 hook, said double thickness 0 material the ends of the hook portions of the overmverlapping shingles and a support for said anchoring means.

6. In a shingle construction, the combinaf 0 tion of- .a plurality of outer shingles laid in a row, each shingle having a hooked portion at one end and an upstanding shouldered forming an upstanding ledge abutment for lapping shingles and a support for overlying v anchoring means. 10. In a shingle constructlon, the combination of a plurality of'outer shingles laid in overlapping rows, each row com rising lurality of shingles, each shingle aving portion 'at'the other, a plurality of anchorstanding shouldered portion at the other, a ing shingles laid in a row adapted to have plurality of anchoringshlngles la1d n overtheir ends disposed to project over the up lapping rows I and disposed between the standing shouldered portion of an adjoinrows of outer shingles adapted to have ooked portion at one end and an uptheir ends positioned to project over the upstanding shouldered portions of adjoining rows of outer shingles, and fastening means passing through the overlaid portions of said v anchoring shingles adapted to secure same to the supportingstructure, the projecting ends ofthe anchoring shingles engaging with said hook portions of the outer shingles in an adjacent row, said shouldered portions servingas an abutment for the ends of the hooked portions on the overlapping outer shingles and a support for tion of anchoring shingles.

11, 11 a shingle construction, the combination of a plurality of outer shingles laid in overlappingrows, each row comprising a plurality of shingles, each shingle having projecting porv a-flat body portion with two of its opposite .end portions folded back on themselves on the opposite sides of the shingle to provide 'a hook onone end and a doublethickness of material; at the other end portion, and a plurality of inner shingles secured tot-he construction in overlapping rows and ex tending between the rows of outer shingles to overhang the ledges of the adjoining rows of outer shingles, the overhanging ends of the inner shingles interlocking with the hook portions of outer shingles in an adjacent row, said double thickness of material having a plain abutment surface sub stantially at right angles to the said body serve as an anchoring means for other outer shingles and fastening means passing thrbu hthe portion of inner shingles andundei: yingportion of theouter'shingle for securing. the shingles to the. supporting structure. i

'13-. A'method of constructing a shingled surface having in combination rows of outer shingles and rows 10f mner shmgles interposed therebetween, each outer shingle having abutting means and interlocking means thereon comprising in applying a plurality" of outer shingles, one at a time, on a surface, to form a row, overlapping each outer shingle, with an inner shingle, said inner shingle being positioned to extend beyond said abutting means on the outer shingle, nailing in position the overla ping portions of said inner shingles throughtheabutting means, interlocking, one at a time, a second row of outer shingles.

14. A method of constructing a shingled surface having in combination rows of outer shingles and rows'of inner shingles interposed there between, each outer shingle having abuttingv and interlockingfmeans thereon, comprising in applying a plurality of outer and inner shingles in overlapping rows with the inner shingles positioned to overlay and extend beyond the abutting 5 means on the outer shingles, fastening the inner shingles and the underlying ,outer shingles to the supporting structure and in- I terlocking a second row ofouter shingles P to the inner shingles.

15. A method of constructing a shingle surface on a structure having rows of overlapping anchoring shingles, comprising in applying a row of outer shingles, each having a shouldered edge portion over a 35 row of anchoring shingles with the said edge portions of the router shingles inserted between two adjacent rows of an choring shingles to support the free end portions of the upper rows of anchoring shingles in spaced relation to the underly-- ing outer rows of shingles, fastening the rows of outer shingles in place, and apply-i ing a second row of outer shingles between the next two adjacent rows of anchoring shingles over the aforementioned up er row' 'of anchoring shingles to support t e free end portions of the row of anchoring shingles overlying saidsecond row of outer l shingles.

In testimony whereof, I, GEORGE E.- CON WAY, have signed my name to this specifica- 7 tion, this 24th da of A ril, 1924.

' 'G ORG ECONWAY. 

